Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, Institut Sains & Teknologi AKPRIND Yogyakarta
Jl. Kalisahak 28 Komplek Balapan Yogyakarta 55222 e-mail: ganjar_andaka@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
Oil is a mixture of ester formed from glycerol and long chain fatty acid that is often referred to triglyceride. Triglyceride is formed of saturated fatty acid and unsaturated fatty acid. Peanut oil contains 76 - 82% unsaturated fatty acid that is consists of 40 - 45% oleic acid and 30 - 45% linoleic acid. Saturated fatty acid mainly consists of palmitic acid, while the miristic acid about 5%. Peanut contents of oil quite high ranging between 40 - 50%.
This research aims to study the optimum conditions of the volume of solvent and temperature of extraction toward the percentage of oil product. The variable of volume of solvent is carried out by varying the volume of solvent between 80 - 120 mL, while the variable of temperature extraction is done by varying the extraction temperature between 35 - 60oC. The product of extraction is filtered and distilled at a temperature of 69 oC to separate oil from the solvent. The percentage of oil product is calculated from the comparison of the weight of oil to the the raw materials.
The results of this research show that the optimum of solvent volume is reached on the volume of 120 mL for 40 g peanut, while the optimum temperature of extraction is reached on the temperature of 55oC with the percentage of oil product of 33.47% for both variables. Keywords: Extraction, Peanut oil, n-Hexane
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